GMDC BLOOD MCQ 1 11 Quiz 1 / 20 Which enzyme converts fibrinogen to fibrin? serotonin secretin renin thrombin Thrombin is the enzyme. It is not present until prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin. Thrombin is the enzyme. It is not present until prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin. 2 / 20 Which is the most abundant plasma protein? haemoglobin albumin alpha- and beta- globulin mitochondria About 58 percent of plasma proteins are albumins. Haemoglobin is a protein but it is contained within the rbc. About 58 percent of plasma proteins are albumins. Haemoglobin is a protein but it is contained within the rbc. 3 / 20 In haemostasis, which molecule polymerises to become the insoluble blood clot? factor X thrombin plasmin fibrin Fibrin is a monomer that polymerises to form a soft clot, then crosslinking between fibrin produces a stable, web-like hard clot. Fibrin is a monomer that polymerises to form a soft clot, then crosslinking between fibrin produces a stable, web-like hard clot. 4 / 20 What is the SECOND step in the three phases of haemostasis listed below? The intrinsic pathway The vascular phase The extrinsic pathway The platelet phase The three phases are: vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase (which, in turn has 3 steps). The three phases are: vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase (which, in turn has 3 steps). 5 / 20 The blood group known as the ABO system is based on the presence of what proteins on blood cells? agglutinins antibodies antigens immunoglobulins Antigens are on the membrane of the rbc. The other three terms all describe the same thing Antigens are on the membrane of the rbc. The other three terms all describe the same thing 6 / 20 Which blood cells are involved in protecting the body from pathogens and foreign cells? haemoglobin leucocytes platelets erythrocytes Leucocytes (white blood cells) include NK (natural killer), T and B lymphocytes and macrophages and microphages. Leucocytes (white blood cells) include NK (natural killer), T and B lymphocytes and macrophages and microphages. 7 / 20 Which type of white blood cell is responsible for engulfing pathogens during phagocytosis? basophil neutrophil erythrocyte thrombocyte Neutrophils are microphages thats phagocytes of bacteria. Thrombocytes and erythrocytes are not wbc. Neutrophils are microphages thats phagocytes of bacteria. Thrombocytes and erythrocytes are not wbc. 8 / 20 What are red blood cells primarily composed of? haemoglobin mitochondria albumin alpha- and beta- globulins About one third of the mass of a rbc is haemoglobin.Other choices are plasma proteins and are not in rbc. About one third of the mass of a rbc is haemoglobin.Other choices are plasma proteins and are not in rbc. 9 / 20 What type of blood may a patient with blood type Bpositive be infused with? Any blood that is negative for antigen A positive for rhesus antigen D negative for antigen B negative for rhesus antigen D A patient that is Bpositive may receive Bpositive, Bnegative, Opositive or Onegative blood because those types do not have antigen A in the plasma. A patient that is Bpositive may receive Bpositive, Bnegative, Opositive or Onegative blood because those types do not have antigen A in the plasma. 10 / 20 What is the first process that occurs after a blood vessel is damaged? coagulation vasoconstriction haemolysis platelet plug formation Almost immediately (within 2 secs) after a blood vessel is cut the vessel walls contract in a spasm to slow the flow of blood (vessel diameter decreases). Almost immediately (within 2 secs) after a blood vessel is cut the vessel walls contract in a spasm to slow the flow of blood (vessel diameter decreases). 11 / 20 What does Rhesus positive refer to? The presence of antigen D on the surface of red blood cells The final factor involved in blood clotting A deficiency of Factor VIII that results in haemophilia The presence of the rhesus antibody/agglutinin in the blood Rh factor, Rh positive and Rh negative refer to the D antigen only. If the antigen is present on your rbc, you are called Rh-positive (you have the Rh factor). Rh factor, Rh positive and Rh negative refer to the D antigen only. If the antigen is present on your rbc, you are called Rh-positive (you have the Rh factor). 12 / 20 What is found in blood serum that is also in blood plasma? platelets plasma proteins clotting factors blood cells Plasma proteins (except fibrinogen) are in plasma and in serum. Serum = plasma minus the clotting factors. Blood cells and platelets are not in plasma. Plasma proteins (except fibrinogen) are in plasma and in serum. Serum = plasma minus the clotting factors. Blood cells and platelets are not in plasma. 13 / 20 In the process of haemostasis, which phase involves the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways? the platelet phase the vascular phase the coagulation phase the clot lysis phase The clotting (coagulation phase) has these two pathways. The clotting (coagulation phase) has these two pathways. 14 / 20 What is the term formed elements used to mean in a description of blood? the clotting factors in blood blood serum white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets blood plasma Formed elements are the non-liquid or solute parts of the blood. Formed elements are the non-liquid or solute parts of the blood. 15 / 20 Which of the following is NOT a macrophage? Kupffer cell Monocyte Megakaryocyte Dendrocyte A megakaryocyte is the cell that produces the membrane covered cell fragments known as platelets. It is not a macrophage. A dendrocyte is also known as a Langerhans cell or a granstein cell. A megakaryocyte is the cell that produces the membrane covered cell fragments known as platelets. It is not a macrophage. A dendrocyte is also known as a Langerhans cell or a granstein cell. 16 / 20 Which individuals can receive any type of blood and are considered universal recipients? ABpositive Onegative Apositive Bnegative People with ABpositive blood do not have agglutinins (antibodies) against A, B, or D in their plasma. Hence can receive any blood without causing the rbc in the donated blood to clump People with ABpositive blood do not have agglutinins (antibodies) against A, B, or D in their plasma. Hence can receive any blood without causing the rbc in the donated blood to clump 17 / 20 Which characteristic of blood refers to the concentration of solutes? osmolality salinity pH viscosity Osmolality is the number of osmoles (osmol) of solute per kilogram of solvent. (osmolarity (with an r) is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution). Osmolality is the number of osmoles (osmol) of solute per kilogram of solvent. (osmolarity (with an r) is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution). 18 / 20 In the haemostasis process, what forms as a result of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways? prothrombinase a platelet plug thrombin fibrin The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways form prothrombinase (also called prothrombin activator) from factor X. The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways form prothrombinase (also called prothrombin activator) from factor X. 19 / 20 Which is the LEAST common type of white blood cell? basophil thrombocyte lymphocyte neutrophil Less than 1 percent of wbc are basophils. Neutrophils are the most common. Thrombocytes are not wbc Less than 1 percent of wbc are basophils. Neutrophils are the most common. Thrombocytes are not wbc 20 / 20 To which of the following would the term white cell NOT be applied? monocyte lymphocyte erythrocyte leucocyte An erythrocyte is a red blood cell An erythrocyte is a red blood cell Your score is Send feedback