GMDC BLOOD MCQ 1 11 Quiz 1 / 20 Which blood cells are involved in protecting the body from pathogens and foreign cells? haemoglobin platelets erythrocytes leucocytes Leucocytes (white blood cells) include NK (natural killer), T and B lymphocytes and macrophages and microphages. Leucocytes (white blood cells) include NK (natural killer), T and B lymphocytes and macrophages and microphages. 2 / 20 What are red blood cells primarily composed of? albumin alpha- and beta- globulins mitochondria haemoglobin About one third of the mass of a rbc is haemoglobin.Other choices are plasma proteins and are not in rbc. About one third of the mass of a rbc is haemoglobin.Other choices are plasma proteins and are not in rbc. 3 / 20 What is the term formed elements used to mean in a description of blood? the clotting factors in blood white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets blood serum blood plasma Formed elements are the non-liquid or solute parts of the blood. Formed elements are the non-liquid or solute parts of the blood. 4 / 20 Which individuals can receive any type of blood and are considered universal recipients? ABpositive Apositive Bnegative Onegative People with ABpositive blood do not have agglutinins (antibodies) against A, B, or D in their plasma. Hence can receive any blood without causing the rbc in the donated blood to clump People with ABpositive blood do not have agglutinins (antibodies) against A, B, or D in their plasma. Hence can receive any blood without causing the rbc in the donated blood to clump 5 / 20 What is the first process that occurs after a blood vessel is damaged? platelet plug formation haemolysis vasoconstriction coagulation Almost immediately (within 2 secs) after a blood vessel is cut the vessel walls contract in a spasm to slow the flow of blood (vessel diameter decreases). Almost immediately (within 2 secs) after a blood vessel is cut the vessel walls contract in a spasm to slow the flow of blood (vessel diameter decreases). 6 / 20 What is found in blood serum that is also in blood plasma? clotting factors plasma proteins blood cells platelets Plasma proteins (except fibrinogen) are in plasma and in serum. Serum = plasma minus the clotting factors. Blood cells and platelets are not in plasma. Plasma proteins (except fibrinogen) are in plasma and in serum. Serum = plasma minus the clotting factors. Blood cells and platelets are not in plasma. 7 / 20 Which type of white blood cell is responsible for engulfing pathogens during phagocytosis? erythrocyte neutrophil basophil thrombocyte Neutrophils are microphages thats phagocytes of bacteria. Thrombocytes and erythrocytes are not wbc. Neutrophils are microphages thats phagocytes of bacteria. Thrombocytes and erythrocytes are not wbc. 8 / 20 Which of the following is NOT a macrophage? Megakaryocyte Kupffer cell Monocyte Dendrocyte A megakaryocyte is the cell that produces the membrane covered cell fragments known as platelets. It is not a macrophage. A dendrocyte is also known as a Langerhans cell or a granstein cell. A megakaryocyte is the cell that produces the membrane covered cell fragments known as platelets. It is not a macrophage. A dendrocyte is also known as a Langerhans cell or a granstein cell. 9 / 20 In the haemostasis process, what forms as a result of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways? fibrin prothrombinase a platelet plug thrombin The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways form prothrombinase (also called prothrombin activator) from factor X. The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways form prothrombinase (also called prothrombin activator) from factor X. 10 / 20 The blood group known as the ABO system is based on the presence of what proteins on blood cells? antibodies agglutinins antigens immunoglobulins Antigens are on the membrane of the rbc. The other three terms all describe the same thing Antigens are on the membrane of the rbc. The other three terms all describe the same thing 11 / 20 Which is the LEAST common type of white blood cell? lymphocyte basophil neutrophil thrombocyte Less than 1 percent of wbc are basophils. Neutrophils are the most common. Thrombocytes are not wbc Less than 1 percent of wbc are basophils. Neutrophils are the most common. Thrombocytes are not wbc 12 / 20 In haemostasis, which molecule polymerises to become the insoluble blood clot? fibrin thrombin factor X plasmin Fibrin is a monomer that polymerises to form a soft clot, then crosslinking between fibrin produces a stable, web-like hard clot. Fibrin is a monomer that polymerises to form a soft clot, then crosslinking between fibrin produces a stable, web-like hard clot. 13 / 20 What does Rhesus positive refer to? The presence of the rhesus antibody/agglutinin in the blood A deficiency of Factor VIII that results in haemophilia The presence of antigen D on the surface of red blood cells The final factor involved in blood clotting Rh factor, Rh positive and Rh negative refer to the D antigen only. If the antigen is present on your rbc, you are called Rh-positive (you have the Rh factor). Rh factor, Rh positive and Rh negative refer to the D antigen only. If the antigen is present on your rbc, you are called Rh-positive (you have the Rh factor). 14 / 20 Which is the most abundant plasma protein? albumin alpha- and beta- globulin haemoglobin mitochondria About 58 percent of plasma proteins are albumins. Haemoglobin is a protein but it is contained within the rbc. About 58 percent of plasma proteins are albumins. Haemoglobin is a protein but it is contained within the rbc. 15 / 20 In the process of haemostasis, which phase involves the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways? the platelet phase the vascular phase the clot lysis phase the coagulation phase The clotting (coagulation phase) has these two pathways. The clotting (coagulation phase) has these two pathways. 16 / 20 What is the SECOND step in the three phases of haemostasis listed below? The vascular phase The platelet phase The intrinsic pathway The extrinsic pathway The three phases are: vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase (which, in turn has 3 steps). The three phases are: vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase (which, in turn has 3 steps). 17 / 20 What type of blood may a patient with blood type Bpositive be infused with? Any blood that is negative for rhesus antigen D positive for rhesus antigen D negative for antigen A negative for antigen B A patient that is Bpositive may receive Bpositive, Bnegative, Opositive or Onegative blood because those types do not have antigen A in the plasma. A patient that is Bpositive may receive Bpositive, Bnegative, Opositive or Onegative blood because those types do not have antigen A in the plasma. 18 / 20 Which characteristic of blood refers to the concentration of solutes? salinity pH osmolality viscosity Osmolality is the number of osmoles (osmol) of solute per kilogram of solvent. (osmolarity (with an r) is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution). Osmolality is the number of osmoles (osmol) of solute per kilogram of solvent. (osmolarity (with an r) is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution). 19 / 20 Which enzyme converts fibrinogen to fibrin? secretin thrombin renin serotonin Thrombin is the enzyme. It is not present until prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin. Thrombin is the enzyme. It is not present until prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin. 20 / 20 To which of the following would the term white cell NOT be applied? monocyte leucocyte lymphocyte erythrocyte An erythrocyte is a red blood cell An erythrocyte is a red blood cell Your score is Send feedback