GMDC BLOOD MCQ 1 9 Quiz 1 / 20 Which enzyme converts fibrinogen to fibrin? serotonin secretin renin thrombin Thrombin is the enzyme. It is not present until prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin. Thrombin is the enzyme. It is not present until prothrombinase converts prothrombin to thrombin. 2 / 20 Which type of white blood cell is responsible for engulfing pathogens during phagocytosis? basophil erythrocyte thrombocyte neutrophil Neutrophils are microphages thats phagocytes of bacteria. Thrombocytes and erythrocytes are not wbc. Neutrophils are microphages thats phagocytes of bacteria. Thrombocytes and erythrocytes are not wbc. 3 / 20 What is the term formed elements used to mean in a description of blood? blood plasma white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets blood serum the clotting factors in blood Formed elements are the non-liquid or solute parts of the blood. Formed elements are the non-liquid or solute parts of the blood. 4 / 20 The blood group known as the ABO system is based on the presence of what proteins on blood cells? agglutinins immunoglobulins antigens antibodies Antigens are on the membrane of the rbc. The other three terms all describe the same thing Antigens are on the membrane of the rbc. The other three terms all describe the same thing 5 / 20 Which characteristic of blood refers to the concentration of solutes? osmolality pH viscosity salinity Osmolality is the number of osmoles (osmol) of solute per kilogram of solvent. (osmolarity (with an r) is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution). Osmolality is the number of osmoles (osmol) of solute per kilogram of solvent. (osmolarity (with an r) is defined as the number of osmoles of solute per litre of solution). 6 / 20 In the haemostasis process, what forms as a result of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways? thrombin prothrombinase fibrin a platelet plug The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways form prothrombinase (also called prothrombin activator) from factor X. The extrinsic and intrinsic pathways form prothrombinase (also called prothrombin activator) from factor X. 7 / 20 Which blood cells are involved in protecting the body from pathogens and foreign cells? leucocytes platelets haemoglobin erythrocytes Leucocytes (white blood cells) include NK (natural killer), T and B lymphocytes and macrophages and microphages. Leucocytes (white blood cells) include NK (natural killer), T and B lymphocytes and macrophages and microphages. 8 / 20 In haemostasis, which molecule polymerises to become the insoluble blood clot? fibrin plasmin thrombin factor X Fibrin is a monomer that polymerises to form a soft clot, then crosslinking between fibrin produces a stable, web-like hard clot. Fibrin is a monomer that polymerises to form a soft clot, then crosslinking between fibrin produces a stable, web-like hard clot. 9 / 20 Which of the following is NOT a macrophage? Megakaryocyte Dendrocyte Kupffer cell Monocyte A megakaryocyte is the cell that produces the membrane covered cell fragments known as platelets. It is not a macrophage. A dendrocyte is also known as a Langerhans cell or a granstein cell. A megakaryocyte is the cell that produces the membrane covered cell fragments known as platelets. It is not a macrophage. A dendrocyte is also known as a Langerhans cell or a granstein cell. 10 / 20 What is the SECOND step in the three phases of haemostasis listed below? The intrinsic pathway The platelet phase The vascular phase The extrinsic pathway The three phases are: vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase (which, in turn has 3 steps). The three phases are: vascular phase, platelet phase, coagulation phase (which, in turn has 3 steps). 11 / 20 Which individuals can receive any type of blood and are considered universal recipients? Onegative Apositive ABpositive Bnegative People with ABpositive blood do not have agglutinins (antibodies) against A, B, or D in their plasma. Hence can receive any blood without causing the rbc in the donated blood to clump People with ABpositive blood do not have agglutinins (antibodies) against A, B, or D in their plasma. Hence can receive any blood without causing the rbc in the donated blood to clump 12 / 20 Which is the LEAST common type of white blood cell? neutrophil lymphocyte thrombocyte basophil Less than 1 percent of wbc are basophils. Neutrophils are the most common. Thrombocytes are not wbc Less than 1 percent of wbc are basophils. Neutrophils are the most common. Thrombocytes are not wbc 13 / 20 To which of the following would the term white cell NOT be applied? lymphocyte monocyte leucocyte erythrocyte An erythrocyte is a red blood cell An erythrocyte is a red blood cell 14 / 20 What type of blood may a patient with blood type Bpositive be infused with? Any blood that is negative for antigen A negative for rhesus antigen D negative for antigen B positive for rhesus antigen D A patient that is Bpositive may receive Bpositive, Bnegative, Opositive or Onegative blood because those types do not have antigen A in the plasma. A patient that is Bpositive may receive Bpositive, Bnegative, Opositive or Onegative blood because those types do not have antigen A in the plasma. 15 / 20 Which is the most abundant plasma protein? haemoglobin alpha- and beta- globulin mitochondria albumin About 58 percent of plasma proteins are albumins. Haemoglobin is a protein but it is contained within the rbc. About 58 percent of plasma proteins are albumins. Haemoglobin is a protein but it is contained within the rbc. 16 / 20 What is found in blood serum that is also in blood plasma? blood cells platelets plasma proteins clotting factors Plasma proteins (except fibrinogen) are in plasma and in serum. Serum = plasma minus the clotting factors. Blood cells and platelets are not in plasma. Plasma proteins (except fibrinogen) are in plasma and in serum. Serum = plasma minus the clotting factors. Blood cells and platelets are not in plasma. 17 / 20 What does Rhesus positive refer to? The final factor involved in blood clotting The presence of the rhesus antibody/agglutinin in the blood A deficiency of Factor VIII that results in haemophilia The presence of antigen D on the surface of red blood cells Rh factor, Rh positive and Rh negative refer to the D antigen only. If the antigen is present on your rbc, you are called Rh-positive (you have the Rh factor). Rh factor, Rh positive and Rh negative refer to the D antigen only. If the antigen is present on your rbc, you are called Rh-positive (you have the Rh factor). 18 / 20 What are red blood cells primarily composed of? alpha- and beta- globulins albumin haemoglobin mitochondria About one third of the mass of a rbc is haemoglobin.Other choices are plasma proteins and are not in rbc. About one third of the mass of a rbc is haemoglobin.Other choices are plasma proteins and are not in rbc. 19 / 20 What is the first process that occurs after a blood vessel is damaged? vasoconstriction coagulation haemolysis platelet plug formation Almost immediately (within 2 secs) after a blood vessel is cut the vessel walls contract in a spasm to slow the flow of blood (vessel diameter decreases). Almost immediately (within 2 secs) after a blood vessel is cut the vessel walls contract in a spasm to slow the flow of blood (vessel diameter decreases). 20 / 20 In the process of haemostasis, which phase involves the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways? the clot lysis phase the vascular phase the coagulation phase the platelet phase The clotting (coagulation phase) has these two pathways. The clotting (coagulation phase) has these two pathways. Your score is Send feedback